A while back, baseball researcher Bill James developed a simple formula to estimate winning percentage for a team (
called pythagorean record or expectation). The formula is still around today (although there have been some
minor improvements) and is right here:
(runs scored^2)/(runs scored^2)+(runs allowed^2)= winning percentage
Quite simply, then, the relationship between runs scored and runs allowed is a very good indicator of what a team's record should be. Generally, large variations off this are considered to have a large degree of luck involved. For example, when a baseball team scores, say, 800 runs and allows 800 in a year, you'd figure they'd be around a .500 team. If they go 90-72 it's safe to say that some of their success was indeed luck (mostly as in performing well in close games .. which inherently involves more luck and randomness).
This concept can be applied to other sports as well. In college basketball, the only thing that changes is the exponent --
it appears it needs to be changed to 10 instead of 2. Also, because of the imbalance in competition, most analysts only calculate
pythagorean record with conference games only. With only 16 in conference games (in the Big East) that doesn't leave us with a very large sample from which to test. However, it can shed some light on which teams underperformed and which ones
over performed.
Here's a spreadsheet I made with BE pythagorean records from 06-07.
From left to right, we've got points for, points against, point differential, wins (just plain old in-conference wins),
pythagorean winning percentage,
pythagorean wins, regular wins minus
pythag wins.
The three "luckiest" teams were:
St. Johns: + 2 wins
Marquette: +1
Depaul: +.6
Unlucky
Cincinnati: -1.5
Uconn: -1.1
Seton Hall: -1
You can see there isn't a large difference between
pythagorean wins and regular wins, overall. It does it's job. Also, the
varitation within 16 games is certainly more limited (than in baseball, or the
nba, or so on) because of the shortage of games.
Nonetheless, it's good news that
UC was unlucky, I suppose. They "should" have won 3.5 games instead of the
measly 2 that they picked up. That's still of course not good, but it's a better starting point than 2 is
for next year.
We can also see how the BE kind of split into four sections last year. You had the top four clearly defined with GU, Louisville, Pitt, and ND. The good but not great pack ranging from Syracuse to Marquette. The bad but not horrible guys --
Uconn, St Johns, Seton Hall.
Depaul was pretty much average. And then the trailers with
UC, Rutgers, and South Florida.
With the large turnover in rosters, this is limited of course in future projections. However, it gives us a place to build on that is probably more reliable than basic wins and
losses. Now, Cincinnati has to
improve 4-5 games to get into the .500 range instead of 6. Of course, there are things that can be further explored like "clutch shooting", playing well late in games, etc. that could essentially allow a team to beat
pythagoras and use skill, rather than luck to win more (or less games) then expected. My expectation is that these things don't really exist, or aren't real transferable skills. However, I haven't seen research in basketball on those topics. Then again, I've
admittedly not followed
basketball research closely over the last few years. Well get into that stuff.